Kazhinji chiyero chekuyedzwa kwekamuri yakachena chinosanganisira: yakachena kamuri yekuongorora giredhi giredhi, kuongororwa kwekugamuchirwa kweinjiniya, zvinosanganisira chikafu, zvigadzirwa zvehutano, zvizorwa, mvura yemubhodhoro, yekugadzira mukaka workshop, zvemagetsi zvigadzirwa musangano wekugadzira, GMP workshop, chipatara imba yekushanda, marabhoritari yemhuka, biosafety. marabhoritari, biosafety makabati, mabhenji akachena, mashopu asina guruva, mashopu asina utachiona, nezvimwe.
Yakachena kamuri yekuyedza zvemukati: mhepo yemhepo uye vhoriyamu yemhepo, huwandu hwekuchinja kwemhepo, tembiricha uye hunyoro, mutsauko wekumanikidza, yakamiswa guruva zvimedu, mabhakitiriya anoyangarara, mabhakitiriya akagadzika, ruzha, kuvhenekera, nezvimwe. kuongororwa kwekamuri.
Kuonekwa kwemakamuri akashambidzika kunofanira kunyatso ratidza paanogara.Mastatus akasiyana anozopa mhinduro dzakasiyana dzekuyedza.Zvinoenderana ne "Clean Kamuri Dhizaini Code" (GB 50073-2001), yakachena kamuri yekuyedza yakakamurwa kuita matunhu matatu: isina chinhu, static mamiriro uye ine simba nyika.
(1) Nyika isina chinhu: Nzvimbo yacho yakavakwa, simba rose rakabatana uye rinoshanda, asi hapana michina yekugadzira, zvinhu uye vashandi.
(2) Static state yakavakwa, michina yekugadzira yakaiswa, uye iri kushanda sezvakabvumiranwa nemuridzi nemutengesi, asi hapana vashandi vekugadzira.
(3) Dynamic state inoshanda mune yakatarwa mamiriro, yakatsanangudza vashandi varipo, uye inoita basa munzvimbo yakabvumiranwa.
1. Air velocity, mhepo yemhepo uye nhamba yekuchinja kwemhepo
Kuchena kwemakamuri akachena uye nzvimbo dzakachena zvinonyanya kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekutumira muhuwandu hwakakwana hwemweya wakachena kuti ubvise uye kunyungudusa zvinosvibisa zvinogadzirwa muimba.Naizvozvo, zvinonyanya kukosha kuyera vhoriyamu yekupa mhepo, avhareji kumhanya kwemhepo, kufanana kwemhepo, mafambiro ekuyerera kwemhepo uye mafambiro ekuyerera kwemakamuri akachena kana nzvimbo dzakachena.
Kuti kupedziswe kugamuchirwa kwemapurojekiti emakamuri akachena, nyika yangu "Yakachena Kamuri Kuvaka uye Kugamuchira Madiro" (JGJ 71-1990) inotaura zvakajeka kuti kuyedzwa nekugadzirisa kunofanira kuitwa munzvimbo isina chinhu kana static state.Uyu murairo unokwanisa kuongorora kunaka kweprojekiti panguva uye zvine hungwaru, uye zvakare unogona kudzivirira kukakavara pamusoro pekuvharwa kweprojekiti nekuda kwekutadza kuwana mhedzisiro ine simba sezvakarongwa.
Mukuongorora kwekupedzisa chaiko, static mamiriro akajairika uye asina chinhu haawanzo.Nekuti zvimwe zvemichina yekugadzira mukamuri yakachena inofanira kunge iripo pachine nguva.Pamberi pekuyedzwa kwehutsanana, michina yekugadzira inoda kupukuta nekungwarira kudzivirira kukanganisa data rebvunzo.Mitemo iri mu "Clean Room Construction and Acceptance Specifications" (GB50591-2010) yakaitwa muna Kukadzi 1, 2011 yakanyatsojeka: "16.1.2 Nzvimbo yekugara yekamuri yakachena panguva yekuongorora yakakamurwa sezvinotevera: bvunzo yeinjiniya yekugadziridza inofanirwa ive isina chinhu, Kuongororwa uye kuongororwa kwezuva nezuva kwekugamuchirwa kweprojekiti kunofanirwa kunge kusina chinhu kana kugadzikana, nepo kuongorora uye kutarisa kwekugamuchira kushandiswa kunofanirwa kuve kwakasimba kana zvichidikanwa, chimiro chekuongorora chinogonawo kutariswa kuburikidza nenhaurirano pakati pemuvaki (mushandisi) uye inspection bato."
Kuyerera kwekutungamira kunonyanya kutsamira pakuyerera kwemhepo kwakachena kusunda nekubvisa mweya wakasviba mukamuri nenzvimbo kuchengetedza kuchena kwekamuri nenzvimbo.Nokudaro, chikamu chayo chekugovera mhepo mhepo inomhanya uye kufanana ndiyo mitemo inokosha inobata utsanana.Yepamusoro uye yakawedzera yunifomu yekuyambuka-chikamu chemhepo kumhanya kunogona kubvisa zvinosvibisa zvinogadzirwa nemukati maitiro nekukurumidza uye zvinobudirira, saka iwo akachena kamuri yekuyedza zvinhu zvatinonyanya kutarisisa.
Kuyerera kusiri-unidirectional kunonyanya kuvimba nemhepo yakachena inopinda kuti inyungurudze uye ideredze zvinosvibisa mukamuri nenzvimbo kuti ichengetedze kuchena kwayo.Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti iyo yakakura nhamba yekuchinja kwemhepo uye inonzwisisika yekuyerera kwemhepo, zviri nani iyo dilution mhedzisiro ichave.Naizvozvo, huwandu hwemhepo hwekupa uye hunoenderana nemhepo inoshanduka mune isiri-imwe-chikamu inoyerera yakachena makamuri uye nzvimbo dzakachena imhepo yekuyerera bvunzo zvinhu zvakakwezva kutarisisa.
2. Tembiricha uye mwando
Tembiricha uye kuyerwa kwemwando mumakamuri akachena kana maworkshop akachena anogona kupatsanurwa kuita nhanho mbiri: kuyedza kwakajairwa uye kuyedzwa kwakazara.Muedzo wekupedzisa kugamuchirwa mune isina chinhu inonyanya kukodzera giredhi rinotevera;iyo yakazara bvunzo yekuita mune inomira kana dynamic state inonyanya kukodzera giredhi rinotevera.Rudzi urwu rwebvunzo rwakakodzerwa nezviitiko zvine hunyoro zvinodikanwa pane tembiricha uye hunyoro.
Muedzo uyu unoitwa mushure meyedzo yekuyerera kwemhepo uye kugadziridzwa kwemhepo inogadzirisa.Munguva iyi yekuyedza, iyo air conditioning system yakashanda zvakanaka uye akasiyana mamiriro akagadzikana.Iyo idiki yekuisa humidity sensor mune yega yega humidity control zone, uye kupa iyo sensor yakakwana nguva yekudzikamisa.Chiyero chinofanira kunge chakakodzera kushandiswa chaiko kusvikira sensor yagadzikana isati yatanga kuyerwa.Nguva yekuyera inofanira kunge inopfuura maminitsi mashanu.
3. Musiyano wepressure
Iyi mhando yekuyedza ndeyekuona kugona kuchengetedza imwe yekumanikidza mutsauko pakati penzvimbo yakapedzwa nenzvimbo yakatenderedza, uye pakati penzvimbo yega yega munzvimbo.Kuonekwa uku kunoshanda kune ese matatu ekugara.Kuyedzwa uku kunokosha.Kuonekwa kwekumanikidzwa kwakasiyana kunofanira kuitwa nemasuo ose akavharwa, kutanga kubva pakumanikidzwa kwepamusoro kusvika kune yakaderera, kutanga kubva muimba yemukati kure kure nekunze maererano nekugadzirisa, uyezve kuedza kunze kwekutevedzana.Makamuri akachena emagiredhi akasiyana ane maburi akabatana anongove nemafambiro emhepo anonzwisisika pamisuwo.
Pressure musiyano wekuyedza zvinodiwa:
(1) Kana magonhi ese munzvimbo yakachena achifanirwa kuvharwa, iyo static pressure musiyano inoyerwa.
(2) Mukamuri rakachena, pfuurirai munhevedzano kubva pakakwirira kusvikira pautsanana hwakaderera kusvikira kamuri rinopinda zvakananga kunze richionekwa.
(3) Kana pasina kuyerera kwemhepo mukamuri, muromo wechubhu yekuyeresa unofanirwa kuiswa pane chero chinzvimbo, uye yekuyeresa chubhu yemuromo wepamusoro inofanira kuenderana nekuyerera kwemhepo.
(4) Iyo yakayerwa uye yakanyorwa data inofanirwa kuve yakarurama kune 1.0Pa.
Matanho ekuona musiyano wePressure:
(1) Vhara magonhi ose.
(2) Shandisa jeji yekuyera dzvinyiriro kuyera musiyano wepressure pakati pekamuri yega yega yakachena, pakati pemikoto yekamuri yakachena, uye pakati pekoridho nenyika yekunze.
(3) Yese data inofanira kunyorwa.
Pressure musiyano chiyero zvinodiwa:
(1) The static pressure musiyano pakati pemakamuri akachena kana nzvimbo dzakachena dzemazinga akasiyana nemakamuri asina kuchena (nzvimbo) anodiwa kuti apfuure 5Pa.
(2) Iyo static pressure musiyano pakati pekamuri yakachena (nzvimbo) uye yekunze inodiwa kuti ipfuure 10Pa.
(3) Kune unidirectional kuyerera kwakachena makamuri ane hutsanana hwemhepo mazinga akaomarara kupfuura ISO 5 (Kirasi100), kana gonhi ravhurwa, guruva rekuisa panzvimbo yekushanda yemukati 0.6m mukati memusuwo rinofanira kunge riri shoma pane guruva rekuisa muganho wedanho rinoenderana. .
(4) Kana izvo zvinodiwa pamusoro apa zvikasasangana, vhoriyamu yemhepo yakachena uye vhoriyamu yekuburitsa mweya inofanira kugadziridzwa kusvika yakwanisa.
4. Zvimedu zvakamiswa
(1) Vanoedza mukati memba vanofanira kupfeka mbatya dzakachena uye vanofanira kuva vashoma pane vanhu vaviri.Dzinofanirwa kunge dziri padivi pemhepo yekudzika kwenzvimbo yekuyedza uye kure nenzvimbo yekuyedza.Vanofanira kufamba zvinyoro-nyoro pakuchinja mapoinzi kudzivirira kuwedzera kupindira kwevashandi pahutsanana hwemukati.
(2) Iyo midziyo inofanira kushandiswa mukati menguva yekuenzanisa.
(3) Chigadzirwa chacho chinofanira kucheneswa pamberi uye mushure mekuedzwa.
(4) Munzvimbo yeunidirectional inoyerera, yakasarudzwa sampling probe inofanirwa kunge iri pedyo neine simba sampling, uye kutsauka kwemhepo inopinda musampling probe uye kumhanya kwemhepo kuri kutorwa kunofanirwa kunge kuri pasi pe20%.Kana izvi zvikasaitwa, sampling port inofanira kutarisana negwara guru rekuyerera kwemhepo.Kune asiri-unidirectional kuyerera sampling mapoinzi, sampling port inofanirwa kukwira kumusoro.
(5) Iyo pombi yekubatanidza kubva pasampling port kuenda kune huruva particle counter sensor inofanira kunge ipfupi sezvinobvira.
5. Mabhakitiriya anoyangarara
Huwandu hwenzvimbo dzepasi-sampling poindi dzinoenderana nehuwandu hweakamiswa particle sampling points.Nzvimbo dzekuyera munzvimbo yebasa dzinenge 0.8-1.2m pamusoro pevhu.Mapimo ekuyeresa panzvimbo dzekutengesera mhepo anosvika 30cm kubva pamhepo.Mapoinzi ekuyeresa anogona kuwedzerwa pamichina yakakosha kana mabasa akakosha ebasa., imwe neimwe sampling poindi inowanzotorwa kamwe chete.
6. Mabhakitiriya akagadzika
Shanda pachinhambwe che 0.8-1.2m kubva pasi.Isa iyo yakagadzirwa Petri dish panzvimbo yekuenzanisira.Vhura chivharo chePetri dish.Mushure menguva yakatarwa, fukidza Petri ndiro zvakare.Isa iyo Petri dish mune inogara tembiricha incubator yekurima.Nguva inodiwa pamusoro pemaawa makumi mana nemasere, batch yega yega inofanirwa kuve neyekudzora bvunzo yekutarisa kusvibiswa kwetsika yepakati.
7. Noise
Kana chiyero chekuyera chiri pamusoro pe 1.2 mamita kubva pasi uye nzvimbo yekamuri yakachena iri mukati me 15 square metres, nzvimbo imwe chete iri pakati pekamuri inogona kuyerwa;kana nzvimbo yacho inopfuura 15 square metres, mana diagonal mapoinzi anofanirwa kuyerwa, imwe 1 point kubva pamadziro emadziro, kuyera mapoinzi akatarisana neimwe kona.
8. Kuvhenekera
Nzvimbo yekuyeresa inosvika 0.8 metres kubva pasi, uye mapoinzi akarongwa 2 metres kure.Kumakamuri mukati me30 square metres, nzvimbo dzekuyeresa dziri 0.5 metres kubva pamadziro edivi.Kune makamuri akakura kupfuura 30 square metres, nzvimbo dzekuyera dziri 1 mita kubva pamadziro.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-14-2023