1. Kuongorora hunhu hwemakamuri marefu akachena
(1). Makamuri marefu akachena ane hunhu hwawo hwepakutanga. Kazhinji, imba refu yakachena inonyanya kushandiswa mushure mekugadzirwa, uye inowanzo shandiswa pakuunganidza michina mikuru. Haidi kuchena kwakanyanya, uye kurongeka kwekudzora tembiricha nehunyoro hakusi kwakakwira. Midziyo haibudisi kupisa kwakawanda panguva yekugadzira, uye kune vanhu vashoma.
(2). Makamuri marefu akachena anowanzova nemafuremu makuru, uye anowanzo shandisa zvinhu zvakareruka. Plate yepamusoro kazhinji haisi nyore kutakura mutoro mukuru.
(3). Kugadzirwa nekuparadzirwa kwezvimedu zveguruva. Kumakamuri marefu akachena, nzvimbo huru yekusvibisa yakasiyana neyemakamuri akachena. Kuwedzera kuguruva rinogadzirwa nevanhu nemidziyo yemitambo, guruva repamusoro rinoita chikamu chikuru. Zvichienderana nedata rakapihwa nemabhuku, kugadzirwa kweguruva kana munhu akamira i105 particles/(min·person), uye kugadzirwa kweguruva kana munhu achifamba kunoverengerwa ka5 kupfuura kana munhu akamira. Kumakamuri akachena ane urefu hwakajairwa, kugadzirwa kweguruva repamusoro kunoverengerwa sezvo kugadzirwa kweguruva repamusoro re8m2 yevhu kwakaenzana nekugadzirwa kweguruva kwemunhu akamira. Kumakamuri marefu akachena, mutoro wekuchenesa wakakura munzvimbo yepasi yebasa revashandi uye mudiki munzvimbo yepamusoro. Panguva imwe chete, nekuda kwehunhu hwepurojekiti, zvakakosha kutora chinhu chakakodzera chekuchengetedza uye kufunga nezvekusvibiswa kweguruva kusingatarisirwi. Kugadzirwa kweguruva repamusoro kwepurojekiti iyi kwakavakirwa pakugadzirwa kweguruva repamusoro re6m2 yevhu, iro rakaenzana nekugadzirwa kweguruva kwemunhu akamira. Chirongwa ichi chinoverengerwa zvichibva pavanhu makumi maviri vanoshanda pashifiti imwe neimwe, uye kugadzirwa kweguruva kwevashandi kunongotora 20% chete yeguruva rese rinogadzirwa, nepo kugadzirwa kweguruva kwevashandi muimba yakachena kuchiita 90% yeguruva rese rinogadzirwa.
2. Kushongedza makamuri marefu eworkshops kwakachena
Kushongedzwa kwekamuri rakachena kunowanzo sanganisira pasi rakachena rekamuri, mapaneru emadziro, matenga, uye mhepo inotonhorera, mwenje, dziviriro yemoto, mvura nedhiraivha nezvimwe zviri mukati zvine chekuita nemakamuri akachena. Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa, envelopu yechivako nekushongedzwa kwemukati mekamuri rakachena zvinofanirwa kushandisa zvinhu zvine mhepo yakasimba uye kushanduka kudiki kana tembiricha nehunyoro zvichichinja. Kushongedzwa kwemadziro nematenga mumakamuri akachena kunofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvinotevera:
(1). Nzvimbo dzemadziro nedenga mumakamuri akachena dzinofanira kunge dzakati sandara, dzakapfava, dzisina guruva, dzisina kupenya, dziri nyore kubvisa guruva, uye dzisina nzvimbo dzisina kuenzana.
(2). Makamuri akachena haafanirwe kushandisa madziro ekuvaka nemadziro akaputirwa. Kana zvichidikanwa kuashandisa, basa rakaoma rinofanira kuitwa uye mitemo yepamusoro yekupurasita inofanira kushandiswa. Mushure mekupurasita madziro, pendi inofanira kupendwa, uye pendi inodzivirira moto, isina kuputika, inogona kugezwa, yakatsetseka, uye isinganyungudike mvura, kuora, uye chakuvhuvhu chinofanira kusarudzwa. Kazhinji, kushongedzwa kwekamuri kwakachena kunonyanya kusarudza mapaneru emadziro esimbi akaputirwa nehupfu sezvinhu zvekushongedza mukati. Zvisinei, kumafekitori makuru enzvimbo, nekuda kwekukwirira kwepamusoro, kuiswa kwezvikamu zvemadziro esimbi kwakaoma, nesimba rakaderera, mutengo wakakwira, uye kutadza kutakura huremu. Purojekiti iyi yakaongorora hunhu hwekugadzira guruva hwemakamuri akachena mumafekitori makuru uye zvinodiwa pakuchena kwekamuri. Nzira dzemazuva ese dzekushongedza madziro esimbi hadzina kushandiswa. Epoxy coating yakashandiswa pamadziro ekutanga einjiniya yezvivakwa. Hapana denga rakaiswa munzvimbo yese kuti riwedzere nzvimbo inogona kushandiswa.
3. Kurongeka kwemhepo mumakamuri marefu akachena
Sekureva kwezvinyorwa, kumakamuri marefu akachena, kushandiswa kwemhepo inotonhodza mukamuri yakachena kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwemhepo inopihwa mukamuri. Nekudzikira kwehuwandu hwemhepo, zvakakosha zvikuru kushandisa hurongwa hwemhepo hwakakodzera kuti uwane simba remhepo yakachena. Zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti mhepo inopihwa uye inodzosa mhepo yakafanana, kuderedza mhepo inotenderera munzvimbo yakachena yekushandira, uye kuwedzera hunhu hwekupararira kwemhepo inopihwa kuti ipe simba rakazara rekuderedzwa kwemhepo inopihwa. Mumaworkshop marefu akachena ane zvinodiwa zvekuchenesa zvekirasi 10,000 kana 100,000, pfungwa yekugadzira nzvimbo refu nehuru dzekutonhodza mhepo inogona kutaurwa, senge kushandiswa kwemanozzle munzvimbo dzakakura dzakadai senhandare dzendege nemahoro ekuratidzira. Uchishandisa manozzle nemhepo yedivi, mhepo inogona kuparadzirwa kure. Kupihwa kwemhepo nenozzle inzira yekuwana mweya kuburikidza nekushandisa majeti anomhanya kwazvo anoburitswa kubva mumanozzle. Inonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo dzinotonhodza mumakamuri marefu akachena kana nzvimbo dzeveruzhinji dzine hurefu hwepasi. Chinongedzo chinoshandisa mhepo yekunze, uye chinongedzo nemhepo inobuda zvinoiswa parutivi rumwe chete. Mhepo inoburitswa zvakanyanya kubva muma nozzles akawanda ari munzvimbo yacho nekumhanya kwakanyanya uye huwandu hwemhepo hwakawanda. Jet inodzokera shure mushure menguva yakati, zvekuti nzvimbo yese ine mhepo inotonhorera iri munzvimbo inodzokororwa, uye ipapo mhepo inodzoka iri pasi inoidzosera kuyuniti inotonhorera. Hunhu hwayo kumhanya kwakanyanya kwemhepo uye kure kure. Jet inofambisa mhepo yemukati kuti isanganiswe zvakasimba, kumhanya kunoora zvishoma nezvishoma, uye mhepo huru inotenderera inoumbwa mukati, kuitira kuti nzvimbo ine mhepo inotonhorera iwane nzvimbo yekupisa yakafanana uye nzvimbo yekumhanya.
4. Muenzaniso wekugadzira mainjiniya
Nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu yakacheneswa yakareba (yakareba mamita makumi mana, yakafara mamita makumi matatu, yakakwirira mamita gumi nemaviri) inoda nzvimbo yakachena yekushandira iri pasi pemamita mashanu, ine mwero wekucheneswa we10,000 usingachinji uye 100,000 inoshanduka, tembiricha tn = 22℃±3℃, uye hunyoro hwe fn = 30%~60%.
(1). Kuziva kurongeka kwekufamba kwemhepo uye kuwanda kwemhepo inofefetera
Tichifunga nezvemashandisirwo eimba iyi refu yakachena, ine upamhi hunopfuura mamita makumi matatu uye isina denga, nzira yemazuva ano yekupa mweya wekushanda yakachena yakaoma kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Nzira yekupa mweya wekushanda ine maburi inotorwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti tembiricha, hunyoro uye kuchena kwenzvimbo yakachena yekushandira (pasi pemamita mashanu). Mudziyo wekupa mweya wekushanda nebhuruza wakarongwa zvakaenzana pamadziro eparutivi, uye mudziyo wekubvisa mweya wekudzoka une damping layer wakarongwa zvakaenzana pakukwirira kwe0.25 m kubva pasi pachikamu chezasi chemadziro eparutivi peworkshop, zvichiita fomu rekuronga kufamba kwemhepo umo nzvimbo yekushandira inodzoka kubva paburi uye inodzoka kubva kudivi rakasimba. Panguva imwe chete, kuitira kudzivirira mhepo iri munzvimbo yekushandira isina kuchena iri pamusoro pemamita mashanu kuti isagadzire nzvimbo yakafa maererano nekuchena, tembiricha nehunyoro, kuderedza kukanganiswa kwekupisa nemwaranzi yekupisa kubva padenga rekunze panzvimbo yekushandira, uye kuburitsa guruva rinogadzirwa necrane yepamusoro panguva yekushanda, uye kushandisa zvizere mhepo yakachena yakapararira kusvika pamamita mashanu, mutsara wemhepo diki inobuda inorongwa munzvimbo yemhepo isina kuchena, ichigadzira sisitimu diki yemhepo inodzoka inotenderera, izvo zvinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kusvibiswa kwenzvimbo yepamusoro isina kuchena kuenda kunzvimbo yekushandira yakaderera yakachena.
Zvichienderana nechiyero chekuchena uye kusvibiswa kwemhepo, chirongwa ichi chinoshandisa frequency yekufema ye16 h-1 yenzvimbo yakachena ine mhepo inotonhodza iri pasi pe6 m, uye chinoshandisa exhaust yakakodzera yenzvimbo yepamusoro isina kuchena, nefrequency yekufema iri pasi pe4 h-1. Kutaura zvazviri, avhareji yefrequency yekufema yechirimwa chose i10 h-1. Nenzira iyi, zvichienzaniswa nemhepo yakachena yekamuri rese, nzira yakachena yekupa mweya haingovimbisi chete frequency yekufema yenzvimbo yakachena ine mhepo inotonhodza uye inosangana nekurongeka kwemhepo yechirimwa chikuru, asiwo inochengetedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwemhepo yesisitimu, kugona kutonhora uye simba refeni.
(2). Kuverengwa kwemhepo inopihwa nemuromo weparutivi
Musiyano wekupisa kwemhepo inopihwa
Kuwanda kwemhepo inodiwa pakutonhodza mhepo mukamuri kwakawanda kupfuura kwemhepo inotonhodza. Nokudaro, kushandisa zvizere huwandu hwakawanda hwemhepo inotonhodza mhepo mukamuri uye kuderedza musiyano wekupisa kwemhepo inopihwa nemhepo inopihwa hakungogone kuchengetedza huwandu hwemidziyo nemitengo yekushandisa, asiwo kunoita kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mhepo inotonhodza nzvimbo yakachena ine mhepo inotonhodza. Musiyano wekupisa kwemhepo inopihwa wakaverengerwa muchirongwa ichi its= 6℃.
Imba yakachena ine nzvimbo yakakura, ine upamhi hwemamita makumi matatu. Zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinodiwa pakati nepakati uye kuona kuti nzvimbo yebasa rekugadzirisa iri munzvimbo yemhepo inodzoka. Panguva imwe chete, zvinodiwa zveruzha zvinofanirwa kufungwa nezvazvo. Kumhanya kwemhepo yepurojekiti iyi i5 m/s, kureba kwekuisa nozzle i6 m, uye kuyerera kwemhepo kunotumirwa kubva munozzle munzira yakatwasuka. Chirongwa ichi chakaverenga kuyerera kwemhepo inopihwa nenozzle. Upamhi hwenozzle i0.36m. Sekureva kwezvinyorwa, nhamba yeArchimedes inoverengerwa kuva 0.0035. Kumhanya kwemhepo inopihwa nenozzle i4.8m/s, kumhanya kweaxial kumagumo i0.8m/s, kumhanya kweavhareji i0.4m/s, uye kumhanya kweavhareji kwekudzoka kwemvura iri pasi pe0.4m/s, izvo zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa maitiro.
Sezvo huwandu hwemhepo inoyerera nemhepo inobuda hwakakura uye musiyano wekupisa kwemhepo inobuda uri mudiki, inenge yakafanana nejeti ye isothermal, saka kureba kwejeti kuri nyore kuvimbisa. Zvichienderana nenhamba yeArchimedean, huwandu hwe x/ds = 37m hunogona kuverengerwa, izvo zvinogona kuzadzisa chinodiwa che15m inopindirana nemhepo inobuda nedivi rakapesana.
(3). Kurapa mamiriro emhepo inotonhorera
Tichifunga nezvehunhu hwemhepo yakawanda inobuda uye musiyano mudiki wekupisa kwemhepo inowanikwa mukamuri rakachena, mhepo inodzoka inoshandiswa zvizere, uye mhepo inodzoka inobviswa nenzira yekurapa mhepo inotonhodza yezhizha. Chikamu chikuru chemhepo inodzoka inoshandiswa, uye mhepo itsva inongogadziriswa kamwe chete uye yozosanganiswa nehuwandu hwakawanda hwemhepo inodzoka, nokudaro ichibvisa kudziyisa zvakare uye kuderedza simba rekushandisa michina.
(4). Mhedzisiro yekuyerwa kweinjiniya
Mushure mekupedzwa kweprojekiti iyi, bvunzo yakazara yeinjiniya yakaitwa. Nzvimbo dzekuyera dzakatwasuka uye dzakatwasuka makumi maviri dzakaiswa mufekitori yese. Nzvimbo yekumhanya, nzvimbo yekudziya, kuchena, ruzha, nezvimwewo zvefekitori yakachena zvakaedzwa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu asingachinji, uye mhedzisiro chaiyo yekuyera yaive yakanaka. Mhedzisiro yakayerwa pasi pemamiriro ekushanda edhizaini ndeiyi inotevera:
Avhareji yekumhanya kwemhepo panzvimbo inobuda mhepo i3.0 ~ 4.3m/s, uye kumhanya kwemhepo iri pakati pemhepo mbiri dzakatarisana i0.3 ~ 0.45m/s. Kuwanda kwemhepo inofefetera panzvimbo yakachena yekushandira kunovimbiswa kuva ka15 paawa, uye kuchena kwayo kunoyerwa kuti kuri mukati mekirasi 10,000, iyo inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira zvakanaka.
Ruzha rwemukati rweA-level i56 dB panzvimbo inobuda mweya inodzoka, uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzekushandira dzese dziri pasi pe54dB.
5. Mhedziso
(1). Kumakamuri marefu akachena asina zvinodiwa zvakanyanya, kushongedzwa kuri nyore kunogona kushandiswa kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa pakushandiswa uye zvinodiwa pakuchena.
(2). Kune makamuri marefu akachena anoda chete kuchena kwenzvimbo iri pasi pehurefu hwakati kuti ive kirasi ye10,000 kana 100,000, nzira yekupa mweya yemumuromo wemhepo wakachena inzira isingadhuri zvakanyanya, inoshanda uye inoshanda.
(3). Kune rudzi urwu rwemakamuri marefu akachena, mutsara wezvipenyu zvinodzosa mweya zvinoiswa panzvimbo yepamusoro isina kuchena yekushandira kubvisa guruva rinogadzirwa pedyo nesimbi dzecrane uye kuderedza kukanganiswa kwemhepo inotonhora nekupisa kubva padenga panzvimbo yebasa, izvo zvinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yebasa iri yakachena uye yakachena.
(4). Kureba kwekamuri refu rakachena kunopfuura ka4 pane kwekamuri rakachena rakajairika. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa ekugadzira guruva, zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti mutoro wekuchenesa nzvimbo yeyuniti wakaderera zvikuru pane wekamuri rakachena rakaderera. Saka, kubva pamaonero aya, frequency yekufema inogona kuonekwa kuti yakaderera pane frequency yekufema yekamuri rakachena inokurudzirwa ne standard yenyika GB 73-84. Tsvagiridzo neongororo zvinoratidza kuti kumakamuri marefu akachena, frequency yekufema inosiyana nekuda kwekukwirira kwakasiyana kwenzvimbo yakachena. Kazhinji, 30% ~ 80% yefrequency yekufema inokurudzirwa ne standard yenyika inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchenesa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-18-2025