Nekukura kuri kuita maindasitiri emazuva ano, imba yekushambidza isina guruva yave ichishandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana. Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji havana ruzivo rwakakwana nezveimba yekushambidza isina guruva, kunyanya vamwe vanoita basa iri. Izvi zvinotungamira zvakananga kukushandiswa zvisirizvo kweimba yekushambidza. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nzvimbo yekushambidza yekamuri inokuvadzwa uye huwandu hwezvigadzirwa hunoderera. Saka chii chaizvo chinonzi imba yekushambidza? Ndeipi mhando yekuongorora inoshandiswa kuiisa muzvikamu? Ungashandisa sei uye kuchengetedza nharaunda yekushambidza yekamuri?
Imba yakachena chii?
Imba yakachena isina guruva, inonziwo clean workshop, clean room, uye imba isina guruva, zvinoreva kubviswa kwezvimedu, mhepo inokuvadza, mabhakitiriya nezvimwe zvinosvibisa mumhepo munzvimbo yakati, uye tembiricha yemukati nekuchena, kumanikidzwa kwemukati, kumhanya kwemhepo nekupararira kwemhepo, ruzha nemwenje, magetsi asingachinji zvinodzorwa mukati mezvinodiwa zvakasiyana, uye imba yakagadzirwa nenzira chaiyo inopihwa.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, imba yekushambidza isina guruva inzvimbo yakagadzirwa yakagadzirirwa nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekugadzira dzinoda huwandu hwehutsanana. Ine mikana yakawanda yekushandisa munzvimbo dze microelectronics, opto-magnetic technology, bioengineering, electronic equipment, precision instruments, aerospace, food industry, cosmetics, study and teaching yesainzi, nezvimwewo.
Parizvino kune mitemo mitatu inonyanya kushandiswa pakupatsanura makamuri akachena.
1. ISO standard yeInternational Organisation for Standardization: chiyero chekamuri rakachena zvichibva pahuwandu hweguruva pa cubic mita imwe neimwe yemhepo.
2. Muyero weAmerican FS 209D: wakavakirwa pahuwandu hwezvinhu pa cubic foot yemhepo sehwaro hwekuyera.
3. GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) chiyero chekuyera: chinonyanya kushandiswa muindasitiri yemishonga.
Maitiro ekuchengetedza nzvimbo yakachena yekamuri
Vazhinji vanoshandisa makamuri ekuchenesa asina guruva vanoziva nzira yekubhadhara timu yehunyanzvi kuti vavake asi vanoregeredza manejimendi mushure mekuvaka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mamwe makamuri ekuchenesa asina guruva anozokodzera kana apedzwa uye aendeswa kuti ashandiswe. Zvisinei, mushure menguva yekushanda, huwandu hwezvinhu hunopfuura bhajeti. Nokudaro, mwero wezvinhu zvisina kunaka unowedzera. Zvimwe zvinotosiyiwa.
Kuchengetedza imba yakachena kwakakosha zvikuru. Hazvina chekuita chete nemhando yechigadzirwa, asi zvinokanganisawo hupenyu hweimba yakachena. Pakuongorora huwandu hwezvinhu zvinosvibisa mumakamuri akachena, 80% yekusvibiswa kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvevanhu. Kunonyanya kusvibiswa netunhu tudiki netupukanana.
(1) Vashandi vanofanira kupfeka mbatya dzakachena dzemukamuri vasati vapinda mukamuri rakachena
Zvipfeko zvinodzivirira zvinodzivirira zvinogara kwenguva refu zvakagadzirwa uye zvakagadzirwa zvinosanganisira zvipfeko zvinodzivirira zvinogara kwenguva refu, shangu dzinodzivirira zvinogara kwenguva refu, ngowani dzinodzivirira zvinogara kwenguva refu nezvimwe zvigadzirwa. Zvinogona kusvika padanho rekuchena rekirasi 1000 nekirasi 10000 kuburikidza nekucheneswa kakawanda. Zvinhu zvinodzivirira zvinogara kwenguva refu zvinogona kuderedza guruva nebvudzi. Zvinogona kunwisa tsvina diki dzakadai sesiriki nedzimwe tsvina diki, uye zvinogonawo kuparadzanisa ziya, dander, mabhakitiriya, nezvimwewo zvinogadzirwa nemetabolism yemuviri wemunhu. Deredza kusvibiswa kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvevanhu.
(2) Shandisa zvinhu zvekupukuta zvinoenderana negiredhi remukamuri rakachena
Kushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvekupukuta zvisina kukodzera kunogona kukonzera kusviba kwemvura uye mafufu, uye kunoita kuti pave nemabhakitiriya, ayo asingangosvibisi nzvimbo yekushandira chete, asiwo anokonzera kusvibiswa kwechigadzirwa.
Nhevedzano dzembatya dzemukamuri dzakachena:
Yakagadzirwa nefiber refu yepolyester kana fiber refu yakapfava kwazvo, inonzwika yakapfava uye yakapfava, ine kuchinjika kwakanaka, uye inodzivirira makwinya uye kusakara zvakanaka.
Kurukwa, hazvisi nyore kupukuta, hazvisi nyore kurasa. Kurongedza kunopedzwa muimba yakachena isina guruva uye kunogadziriswa nekucheneswa kwakanyanya kudzivirira mabhakitiriya kukura zviri nyore.
Maitiro ekusimbisa mucheto akadai se ultrasonic ne laser anoshandiswa kuona kuti mativi acho haaparadzaniswe zviri nyore.
Inogona kushandiswa mumabasa ekugadzira mumakamuri akachena ekirasi 10 kusvika kirasi 1000 kubvisa guruva pamusoro pezvigadzirwa, zvakaita seLCD/microelectronics/semiconductor products. Chenesa michina yekupolisha, maturusi, nzvimbo dzemagineti, magirazi, uye mukati memapombi esimbi isina tsvina yakaposhwa, nezvimwewo.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-22-2023